Biomoz

The diabetic patients suffer from many complications and which are very dangerous. The complications are associated with the vital organ of our body like kidney, eyes, heart, neurons etc.

There are two types of complications

1. Acute complication:

• Hypoglycemia: It means sudden decrease in the blood glucose level. Hypoglycemia leads to many symptoms like irritability, sweating, nervousness, tachycardia and if not treated soon it may lead to coma, seizures or even death .Hypoglycemia may happen because of increased activity, improper nutrition, improper medication, sudden increase in insulin. To cure what steps has to be taken

• 2 tablespoon glucose powder/sugar
• 1/2 cup fruit juice
• 1/2 glass cola/sweet drinks
• 1 cup of sweet milk
• 6 or 7 hard candies
• 2 tablespoons raisins
• 1 tablespoon honey
• 1 tablespoon sweetened condensed milk

• Diabetic Ketoacidosis: The Type 1 diabetic patients are more prone to DKA where due to lack of insulin in order to get the glucose in the cell body gets signal to generate energy from the other source like fat. When excess fat breakdown takes place the unwanted byproduct ketone bodies are released which are acidic in nature. The normal pH of our blood is slightly acidic that is 7.2 to 7.4 due to the ketone bodies production the blood becomes acidic which reaches the vital organs of our body and hence leads to malfunctioning of the brain (coma).

• Hyperglycemia Hyperosmolar Non Ketotic Coma: The Type 2 diabetic patients are more prone to HONK. Due to Poly uria that is frequent urination the water loss is more due to which the blood becomes viscous. The thick blood is not able to pass through the small capillaries so the cells are unable to receive the oxygen and nutrient due to which the brain cells get damaged and leads to coma.

2. Chronic complication: The complication occurs mainly due to the glycosylated haemoglobin. Glycosylated haemoglobin is also called as HbA1c where the glucose binds to haemoglobin instead of oxygen. More the glucose less oxygen supply to each and every organ of the body.

• Microvascular complication

• Nephropathy: disorder related to Kidney                                                                                                                              As glycosylated haemoglobin increases in blood the oxygen and nutrients does not reach the cells of nephrons and leads to kidney damage
• Neuropathy: disorder related to neurons                                                                                                                              As glycosylated haemoglobin increases in blood the oxygen and nutrients does not reach the cells of neurons and leads to brain damage.
• Retinopathy: disorder related to retina                                                                                                                                  As glycosylated haemoglobin increases in blood the oxygen and nutrients does not reach the cells of retina and leads to eye damage.

• Macrovasular complication

• Cerebrovasular: Due to the cell damage in brain any type of sensation signal is not received by the neurons which causes paralysis this may happen to any organ of body.
• Cardiovascular: It majorly happens due to deposition of low density lipoprotein (LDL) which is bad cholesterol in the coronary artery which supplies blood to the heart (atherosclerosis). Due to blockage of the artery the oxygen does not reach to the cell of heart and leads to heart attack.
• Peripheral vascular: Diabetic patients are more prone to the diabetic foot where they get blisters and followed by it fungal infection.

Tags: complications of diabetes, Diabetic ketoacidosis, Hyperosmolar non ketotic coma, macrovascular, microvascular

This entry was posted on Tuesday, April 7th, 2009 at 11:45 am and is filed under Diseases And Treatment. You can follow any responses to this entry through the RSS 2.0 feed. You can leave a response, or trackback from your own site.